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People - Ancient Greece

Ariston in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

A Peripatetic philosopher of Iulis, in the island of Ceos, who succeeded Lycon as head of the Peripatetic school, about B.C. 230....

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Aristides in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

An Athenian, surnamed "the Just," son of Lysimachus, of an ancient and noble family. He fought at the battle of Marathon, B.C. 490; and in the next year, 489, was archon. He was the great rival of Themistocles, and it was through the influence of the latter with the people that he suffered ostracism (q.v.) in 483 or 482. He was still in exile in 48...

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Aristonīcus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀριστόνικος). A natural son of Eumenes II. of Pergamus. Upon the death of his brother Attalus III., B.C. 133, who left his kingdom to the Romans, Aristonicus laid claim to the crown. He defeated in 131 the consul P. Licinius Crassus; but in 130 he was himself defeated and taken prisoner by M. Perperna, was carried to Rome by M'. Aquillus in 129, a...

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Aristippus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀρίστιππος). A Greek philosopher, a native of Cyrené and a pupil of Socrates, after whose death in B.C. 399 he travelled about the Greek cities, imparting instruction for money. He was founder of the Cyrenaic School, or the system of Hedonism (from ἡδονή, pleasure). His doctrine was that as a basis for human knowledge the only things real and true...

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Aristobūlus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀριστόβουλος). A Greek historian, who in his youth accompanied Alexander the Great on his campaigns. In his eighty-fifth year, when living at Cassandrea in Thrace, he wrote a work upon Alexander, in which he recorded his careful observations on geography, ethnography, and natural science. The book is highly praised for its trustworthiness, but onl...

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Aristarchus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

A Samian mathematician and astronomer at Alexandria, who flourished between B.C. 280 and 264....

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Aristodēmus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

A descendant of Heracles, son of Aristomachus, brother of Temenus and Cresphontes, and father of Eurysthenes and Procles. He was killed at Naupactus by a flash of lightning, just as he was setting out on the expedition into the Peloponnesus, and his two sons obtained Sparta, which would have fallen to him....

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Aristeas in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀριστέας). An epic poet of Proconnesus, of whose life we have only fabulous accounts. His date is quite uncertain. He is represented as a magician, whose soul could leave and re-enter its body according to its pleasure. He was connected with the worship of Apollo, which he was said to have introduced at Metapontum. He wrote an epic poem on the Ari...

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Aristarchus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Of Samothrace, the celebrated grammarian, flourished B.C. 156. He was a pupil of Aristophanes, and founded at Alexandria a grammatical and critical school. At an advanced age he went to Cyprus, where he died at the age of seventy-two, of voluntary starvation, because he was suffering from incurable dropsy. Aristarchus was the greatest critic of ant...

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Aristomĕnes in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀριστομένης). A Messenian, the hero of the second war with Sparta, who belongs more to legend than to history. He was a native of Andania, and was sprung from the royal line of Aepytus. Tired of the yoke of Sparta, he began the war in B.C. 685. After the defeat of the Messenians, in the third year of the war, Aristomenes retreated to the mountain ...

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