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People - Ancient Greece

Antiphĭlus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Antiphĭlus （Ἀντίφιλος). A Greek painter born in Egypt in the latter half of the fourth century B.C., a contemporary and rival of Apelles; he probably spent the last part of his life at the court of the first Ptolemy. The ancients praise the lightness and dexterity with which he handled subjects of high art, as well as scenes in daily life. Two of h...

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Apollodōrus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

A Greek poet of the New Comedy, born at Carystus, between B.C. 300 and 260. He wrote forty-seven plays, and won five victories. From him Terence borrowed the plots of his Phormio and Hecyra....

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Archilŏchus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀρχίλοχος). A Greek lyric poet, especially eminent as a writer of lampoons. Born at Paros, he was the son of Telesicles by a slave-woman, but was driven by poverty to go with a colony to Thasos in B.C. 640 or 650. From Thasos he was soon driven by want, and by the enmities which his unrestrained passion for invective had drawn upon him. He seems t...

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Antalcĭdas in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Antalcĭdas （Ἀνταλκίδας). A Spartan, the son of Leon, and chiefly known by the celebrated treaty concluded with Persia in B.C. 387, usually called the Peaceof Antalcidas, since it was the fruit of his diplomacy. According to this treaty all the Greek cities in Asia Minor were to belong to the Persian king. The Athenians were allowed to retain only L...

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Antĭphon in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Antĭphon （Ἀντιφῶν). The earliest of the ten great Attic orators, born B.C. 480 in Attica, son of the sophist Sophilus, to whom he owed his training. He was the founder of political eloquence as an art, which he taught with great applause in his own school of rhetoric; and he was the first who wrote out speeches for others to deliver in court, thoug...

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Apollodōrus in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

A Greek architect of Damascus, who lived for a time at Rome, where, among other things, he built Trajan's Forum and Trajan's Column. He was first banished and then put to death under Hadrian, A.D. 129, having incurred that emperor's anger by the freedom of his criticisms. We have a work by him on engines of war, addressed to Hadrian....

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Androtion in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀνδροτίων). A Greek historian, an Athenian, and a pupil of Isocrates, who was accused of making an illegal proposal, and went into banishment at Megara. We still have the speech composed by Demosthenes for one of the accusers. At Megara he wrote a history of Attica (see Atthis) in at least twelve books, one of the best of that class of writings; b...

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Archimēdes in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

（Ἀρχιμήδης). A remarkable mathematician and inventor, born at Syracuse in B.C. 287. After spending a long time in travel and study he returned to his native city, and there introduced a great number of inventions, among them the endless screw, first used by him in launching large ships; and the so-called Archimedean screw (cochlea), used in drainin...

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Antisthĕnes in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Antisthĕnes （Ἀντισθένης). A Greek philosopher of Athens, born about B.C. 440, but only a half-citizen, because his mother was a Thracian. He was in his youth a pupil of Gorgias, and himself taught for a time as a sophist, till, towards middle life, he attached himself to Socrates, and became his bosom friend. After the death of Socrates, in B.C. 39...

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Apollonius in Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities

Apollonius Rhodius. A Greek scholar and epic poet of the Alexandrian Age, born at Alexandria about B.C. 260. A pupil of Callimachus, he wrote a long epic, Argonautica, in four books, in which, departing from his master's taste for the learned and artificial, he aimed at all the simplicity of Homer. The party of Callimachus rejected the poem, and Ap...

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