Antiphĭlus
（Ἀντίφιλος). A Greek painter born in Egypt in the latter half of the fourth century B.C., a contemporary and rival of Apelles; he probably spent the last part of his life at the court of the first Ptolemy. The ancients praise the lightness and dexterity with which he handled subjects of high art, as well as scenes in daily life. Two of his pictures in the latter kind were especially famous, one of a boy blowing a fire, and another of women dressing wool. From his having painted a man named Gryllus (pig) with playful allusions to the sitter's name, caricatures in general came to be called grylli (Pliny , Pliny H. N. xxxv. 114, 138).
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Antiphilus was an ancient Greek painter from Naucratis,[1][2] Egypt, in the age of Alexander the Great. He worked for Philip II of Macedon and Ptolemy I of Egypt. Thus he was a contemporary of Apelles, whose rival he is said to have been, but he seems to have worked in quite another style. Quintilian speaks of his facility: the descriptions of his works which have come down to us show that he excelled in light and shade, in genre representations, and in caricature.
Paintings of Antiphilus on display in ancient Rome
In ancient Rome, according to Pliny the Elder, the Schola Octaviae was ornamented by paintings by Antiphilus, among which were his Hesione and his painting of the group of Alexander and Philip with Minerva. The Curia Pompeii, famous as the place of assassination of Julius Caesar, was of the form called an exedra, or hall furnished with seats, and was decorated with pictures of Cadmus and Europa by Antiphilus.[3]
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