People - Ancient Egypt
PTOLEMY VIII EUERGETES II (PHYSCON)
170-163 & 145-116B.C.
PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II (Physcon) was the eighth ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. He was the younger brother of Ptolemy
VI Philometor and the uncle of Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator. He ruled Egypt when Philometor fled Alexandria for Rome. His
rule proved to be intole...
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Darius III (Artashata) (c. 380–330 BC, Persian داریوش Dāriūš, pronounced [dɔːriˈuːʃ]) was the last king of the
Achaemenid Empire of Persia from 336 BC to 330 BC. It was under his rule that the Persian Empire was conquered
during the Wars of Alexander the Great (for more information on the name, see the entry for Darius I).
Appointment -
Artaxer...
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PTOLEMY XI ALEXANDER II
80 B.C.
PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY
Ptolemy XI Alexander II was the son of Ptolemy X Alexander. After the death of his uncle Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros), his step-
mother (or possibly mother) Cleopatra Berenice ruled for about one year alone. Ptolemy XI was required to marry his step-mother, who
was much older than he. The marri...
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PTOLEMY I SOTER,
THE FIRST KING OF ANCIENT EGYPT'S PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY
by Jimmy Dunn --
In the ancient world, there is no surprise that military men
often became rulers. These men, most of whom rose through
the military
ranks, usually had considerable administrative skills and
had proved themselves to be leaders. Almost certainly the
first man...
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Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Νέος Φιλοπάτωρ, Ptolemaĩos Néos Philopátōr) was an Egyptian king of the Ptolemaic
period. His reign is controversial, and it is possible that he did not reign at all, but was only granted royal dignity
posthumously.
Even his identity is unclear. According to one reconstruction, he was the son of Ptol...
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Cleopatra III (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα, 161–101 BC) was queen of Egypt 142–101 BC.
Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X.
She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX. According to Strabo she
was sometimes known as Cleopat...
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CLEOPATRA III & ALEXANDER I
107-88 B.C.
PTOLEMAIC DYNASTY
Cleopatra III & Alexander I were co-rulers of the Ptolemaic Dynasty after Cleopatra had driven out her older son, Ptolemy IX
Soter II (Lathyros), after accusing him of trying to kill her.
Alexander had been the governor of Cyprus, but after Lathyros had been ousted, he returned ...
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ARSES
338-336 B.C.
31ST DYNASTY
Arses was the second ruler of the Thirty-first Dynasty and was the youngest son of Ochus. After Ochus was murdered, Arses
succeeded him and ruled until he was murdered in 336 BC by his commander Bagoas....
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT
MACEDONIAN DYNASTY
The Egyptians, oppressed under the Persian rule, welcomed Alexander the Great with open arms when he entered the country in 332 B.C. While
there he visited the Oracle of Amon, at Siwa, where he was declared "the son of Amon." Exactly how this happened is unclear. One story is
that either upon entering or e...
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Artaxerxes (Artaxšacā) IV Arses was king of Persia between 338 BC and 336 BC. He was the youngest son of King Artaxerxes III and Atossa and was
not expected to succeed to the throne of Persia. His unexpected rise to the throne came in 338 BC as a result of the murder of his father and
most of his family by Bagoas, the powerful Vizier of Persia wh...
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