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People - Ancient Rome

Valerian in Roman Biography

Va-le'ri-an [ Lat. Vai.eria'nus, (Puhlius Licinius;) Fr. Valerien, vS'la're^N'] succeeded vEmilianus as Emperor of Rome in 253 A.D., and appointed his son Gallienus his colleague. The empire was soon after invaded by the Goths and other barbarous tribes, and by Sapor, (Shapoor,) King of Persia, who defeated the Romans near Kdessa in 260 and took Va...

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Varro in Roman Biography

Varro, [Fr. Varron,] (Marcus Terentius,) a celebrated Latin author, styled " the most learned of the Romans," was born in 116 B.C., probably in Rome. He was a pupil of L. MYnm Stilo and of Antiochus of Ascalon, an Academic philosopher. He became an intimate friend of Cicero. About the year 67 B.C. he had a high command under Pompey in the war again...

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Quintilian in Roman Biography

Quin-til'I-an, [Lat. Quintilia'nus or Quinctilia'. nus ; Fr. Quintilien, kiN'te'leJ.N',] (Marcus Fabius,) a celebrated Roman critic and teacher of rhetoric, was born probably between 40 and 50 A.n. Jerome states that he was a native of Calagurris, (Calanorra,) in the northern part of Spain ; but some modern writers think he was born in Rome. He obt...

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Spartacus in Roman Biography

Spar'ta-cus, a Thracian soldier, who was taken prisoner by the Romans, reduced to slavery, and trained as a gladiator. Having escaped with a number of his associates, he became leader of a numerous band, and defeated Claudius Pulcher, who was sent against him about 73 R>c. Having proclaimed freedom to all slaves who should join him, he raised a ...

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Tibullus in Roman Biography

Ti-bul'lus, [Fr. Tibulle, te'bul'; Ger. Tibull, te-bdol'; It. Tibullo, te-bool'lo,] (Albius,) a distinguished Roman elegiac poet of the Augustan age, was bom in Italy about 55 B.C. He was a son of a knight, (eques,) from whom he inherited an estate between Tibur and Praeneste. This estate was confiscated in the civil war, but he recovered a part o...

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Sallust in Roman Biography

Sal'lust, [Lat. Sallus'tius ; Fr. Salluste, st'liist'; It. Sali.ustio, sil-loos'te-o,] (or, more fully, Caius Sallustius Crispus,) a celebrated Roman historian, who was born of a plebeian family at Amitemum in 86 B.C. He was elected tribune of the people in 52 B.C., and was expelled from the senate by the censors in 50 for alleged immoral conduct....

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Stilicho in Roman Biography

Stili-cho, [Gr. ZtiMxoh ; Fr. Stilicon, ste'le'k6N',] (Flavius,) an eminent commander of the Roman armies, was a son of a Vandal officer. He rose rapidly in the reign of Theodosius, and was sent as ambassador to Persia in 384 a.d., at which date he was a young man. On his return he married Serena, a niece of Theodosius I., and became commander-in-c...

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Scaevola in Roman Biography

Scaevola, seVo-la, [Fr. Scevole, si'vol',] (C. Mu- Cius,) a Roman, who, according to the ancient legends, went to the camp of Porsena, then besieging Rome, and attempted to kill him with a dagger. He was seized by the guards of the king, who ordered him to be put to death. Scasvola, it is said, held his right hand in a fire, which was at hand, unti...

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Sulla in Roman Biography

Sulla or Sylla, [It. Silla, sel'la,] (Lucius Cornelius,) surnamed FelLX, (the "Fortunate,") a famous Roman general, born in 138 B.C., was of a patrician family. Though addicted to pleasure, and though his favourite companions are said to have been actors, buffoons, and mimics, he early gave indications of uncommon powers, and was particularly disti...

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Scipio Africanus in Roman Biography

Scip'io iEmilia'nus Africa'nus Mi'nor, (Publius Cornklius,) a famous Roman general, born about 185 B.C., was a son of /Emilius Paulus, and an adopted son of Publius Cornelius Scipio, whose father was the great Scipio. He was liberally educated, and was well versed in Greek literature and philosophy. In 168 B.C. he fought at the battle of Pydna, whe...

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