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People - Ancient Rome

Cato the Elder in Roman Biography

Cato, [Gr. Koruv ; Fr. Caton* kS't6N'; It. Catone, ka-to'na,] (Marcus Porcius,) often called Ca'to Censo'rius, (or Cknsori'nus,) i.e. "Cato the Censor," also sumamed THE Elder, an eminent Roman patriot and statesman, was born of a plebeian family at Tusculum in 234 B.C. At the age of seventeen he served in the army against Hannibal, and in 209 he t...

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Constans I in Roman Biography

Portugal to the United States. Died in Paris in 1846. Con'stana [Fr. Constant, k&N'st6.N'] I., (Fi.avius Julius,) the third son of the emperor Constantine the Great and Fausta, was born about 320 A.D. At the death of his father, in 337, he inherited the sovereignty of Italy, Africa, and Western Illyricum. His brother Constantine, having invaded...

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Caligula in Roman Biography

Ca-lig'u-la, (Caius C*sar,) a Roman emperor, bom in 12 A.D., was the son of Germanicus and Agrippina, who was a granddaughter of the emperor Augustus. His childhood and youth were passed among the soldiers, with whom he became a favourite. By deep dissimulation he escaped from being a victim to the suspicion of Tiberius, who was the uncle of German...

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Cicero in Roman Biography

Cic'e-ro, [Gr. Kwcepuv; It. Cicerone, che-cha-ro'ni ; Fr. Ciceron, se'sa'rdN'; Ger. Cicero, tsits'J-ro; Sp. Ciceron, the-thA-r6n',] (Marcus Tullius,) often called Tully by English writers, an illustrious Roman orator, philosopher, and statesman, was born at Arpinum, (now Arpino,) about seventy miles east-southeast of Rome, on the 3d of January, 106...

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Carausius in Roman Biography

Ca-rau'si-us, (Marcus Aurei.ius Valerius,) an adventurer, born at Menapia, in Belgium, about 250 A. D. Having been promoted to the command of a Roman fleet, he made himself master of Great Britain and assumed the title of emperor. After vain efforts to conquer him, Diocletian recognized him by treaty. He was assassinated in 293 A.D....

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Catullus in Roman Biography

Ca-tul'lus, [Fr. C atuli.e, kt'tiil',] (Catus Valerius,) an eminent Latin poet, born at or near Verona about 77 B.C., (some authorities say 87 B.C.) He went to Rome at an early age, and by bis literary merit obtained admission into the society of Cicero, Caesar, Pollio, and others. His indulgence in vicious and expensive pleasures soon reduced him...

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Camillus in Roman Biography

Camillus, [Fr. Camille, kfrnei' or kS'me'ye,] (Marcus Furius,) acelebrated Roman dictator, whose history has been embellished with many fabulous exploits. After serving as military tribune, he was five times chosen dictator, and gained victories over the Falisci, Capenates, Volscians, and Fidenates. In his first dictatorship, which began in 396, he...

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Celsus in Roman Biography

Cel'sus, [Fr. Cklse, sels ; It. Celso, chel'so,] an Epicurean philosopher, who lived in the second century, in the reign of the Antonines, and was probably a Roman. He was a friend of Lucian. He is supposed to be the author of the attack on Christianity called " Ao;oc ufajOr/r" (a " True Discourse,") which was ably confuted by Qrigen, and which has...

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Caracalla in Roman Biography

Car-a-cal'la, (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Bassianus,) a Roman emperor, born at Lyons in 188 a. d. He was the son of the emperor Septimius Severus, who, dying in 212, left the empire to Caracalla and his brother Geta. The latter was assassinated by order of Caracalla, who sought to confirm his power by sacrificing many friends of Geta. Papinian, the ...

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Cincinnatus in Roman Biography

Cin-cin-na'tus, (Lucius Quintus,) a celebrated Roman patriot, patrician, and dictator, born about 520 B.C. Having reduced himself to poverty by paying a fine for his son, he was cultivating with his own hands a small farm, when he was chosen consul in 457 B.C. He was a strenuous opponent of the plebeian party. At the end of his official term he ret...

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