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People - Ancient Rome

Cicero in Roman Biography

Cic'e-ro, [Gr. Kwcepuv; It. Cicerone, che-cha-ro'ni ; Fr. Ciceron, se'sa'rdN'; Ger. Cicero, tsits'J-ro; Sp. Ciceron, the-thA-r6n',] (Marcus Tullius,) often called Tully by English writers, an illustrious Roman orator, philosopher, and statesman, was born at Arpinum, (now Arpino,) about seventy miles east-southeast of Rome, on the 3d of January, 106...

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Carausius in Roman Biography

Ca-rau'si-us, (Marcus Aurei.ius Valerius,) an adventurer, born at Menapia, in Belgium, about 250 A. D. Having been promoted to the command of a Roman fleet, he made himself master of Great Britain and assumed the title of emperor. After vain efforts to conquer him, Diocletian recognized him by treaty. He was assassinated in 293 A.D....

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Cincinnatus in Roman Biography

Cin-cin-na'tus, (Lucius Quintus,) a celebrated Roman patriot, patrician, and dictator, born about 520 B.C. Having reduced himself to poverty by paying a fine for his son, he was cultivating with his own hands a small farm, when he was chosen consul in 457 B.C. He was a strenuous opponent of the plebeian party. At the end of his official term he ret...

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Carinus in Roman Biography

Ca-ri'nus, [Fr. Carin, k3'raN',] (Marcus Aurelius,) a Roman emperor, eldest son of the emperor Carus, who committed to him the government of Italy, Africa, and the West, when he set out on an expedition against Persia in 283 A.D. Carus died, or was killed, in 284, soon after which Diocletian was chosen emperoi by the army in the East. A battle was ...

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Claudius in Roman Biography

Clau'dl-us, [Kr. Claude, klod,] or, more fully, Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero, fourth Emperor of Rome, born at Lyons in 10 i:.c, was the son of Drusus Nero by Antonia Minor, (who was a daughter of Mark Antony,) and was a nephew of the emperor Tiberius, Being feeble in mind and body, he took no part in public affairs during the reign of Tiberius. Ca...

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Carus in Roman Biography

Ca'rus, (Marcus Aurelius,) a Roman emperor, born at Narbo, (now Narbonne.) Under the emperor Probus he held the high office of prefect of the praetorium. At the death of Probus in 282 A.D., Carus was elected his successor by the army. In 283 he marched against the Persians, leaving his son Carinus to govern Italy. Having taken Seleucia and Ctesipho...

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Claudius Gothicus in Roman Biography

Claudius, (Marcus Aurklius,) surnamed Goth'icus, an emperor of Rome, was born in Illyricum in 214 a.d. After having a high command under Valerian, he was proclaimed emperor by the army at the death of Gallicnus, in 268. The senate confirmed this choice. The same year he defeated the rebel Aureolus in battle. In 269 he gained a decisive victory over...

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Allectus in Roman Biography

Al-lec'tus, an officer of Carausius, King of Britain. Having murdered Carausius, in 293, he usurped the throne. He was defeated and killed by the Roman army o£ Constantjud Chlorus about 296 a.d....

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Ancus Martius in Roman Biography

An'cus Martius or Marcius, (mar'she-us,) the fourth king of Rome, a grandson of Numa Pompilius, succeeded Tullus Hostilius about 634 B.C. He is considered the lawgiver or founder of the plebeian order, which seems to have received in his reign a distinct political existence. He waged war with success against the Latins, founded Ostia, and built the...

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Ambrose in Roman Biography

Ambrose, Saint, sent am'broz, [Lat. Sanc'tus Ambro'sius ; Fr. Saint-Ambroise, saN'tflN'bRwaz',] one of the Latin Fathers, was born in Gaul, at Treves, it is supposed, about 340 A.D. His father, a Roman noble, was then praetorian prefect of Gaul. Ambrose was Governor of Liguria (a province of which Milan was the capital) in 374, when Auxentius, the ...

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