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ANATOMY OF A ROMAN ARCH

from "Empires Ascendant" Time frame 400 BC - AD 200 Time Life Books To support the tremendous weight of the arches, it was necessary to provide a way of transmitting the force to massive piers to the foundation of the arch. The Romans achieved this feat through the use of the Keystone block. The force was directed down onto the top of the keystone...

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HEAD OF SELENE'S LEADING HORSE

Parthenon, East Pediment Acropolis, Athens 437-432 B.C. British Museum, London This intense head of the horse of the moon-god Selene is in the northern corner of the east pediment. It counterbalances the horse of Helios on the southern corner....

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PARTHENON

From the east Acropolis, Athens 447-432 B.C. The principal temple entrance is at the east end....

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TEMPLE OF ROMULUS

Forum Romanum Rome Early 4th century Like many other buildings, the marble facing over the brick of this octagonal temple was removed long ago. This temple has many elements which are brought to fruition in the Pantheon. The octagonal nature of the space will be an influence in the Early Christian and Romanesque temples....

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NICHE

Pantheon Rome c. 118-128 Cut into the twenty foot thick walls and screened with columns are semicircular and rectangular niches. The niches held statues of the heavenly gods. This is the main niche at the end of the central axis, the only niche to stand out....

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BATHS OF CARACALLA

Rome 212-216 Massive cement and brick structures support a roof with a semicircular intersecting vault. The frigidarium is in this area....

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SCAENAE FRONS

Theatre at Taormina Sicily The scaenae frons, one of the best preserved, was richly decorated with groups of four columns on a high podium which separate the regia or central royal door from the hospitalia or side doors. Behind the columns are niches for statues....

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TOMB OF CAECILIA METELLA

Via Appia Rome c. 30 B.C. A development of the tumulus, the tomb of Caecilia Metella is a travertine-faced cylinder which stands on a square podium. A small inner chamber has a high-vaulted roof in the center. The entrance into the chamber is a small passage cut into the cylinder. On top there was a planted mound. The present top is an addition fr...

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TEMPLE MODEL

From Sabucina Early 6th century B.C. National Archaeological Museum, Gela An early sixth century clay model of an archaic temple....

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ZEUS SEATED ON A CHAIR

Vase painting 550-525 B.C. British Museum, London In this sixth century B.C. chair there is a slight curve in the legs and back. The back turns and ends in the head of a swan. The legs retain the earlier clawed feet. Between the seat and stretcher is an ornamental carved animal. There is a low arm-rail and a seat cushion....

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