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PLAN VIEW OF THE ACROPOLIS

A reconstruction according to Leo von Krenze. A: The Parthenon is the large structure in the center of the sacred area. B: The Propylaea, the entrance into the Sacred area. C: The Temple of Athena Nike, directly below the Propylaea in the drawing. D: Roman fortifications added later. E: Foundations of minor temples. F: Upper center of the sacred a...

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STYLOBATE

Parthenon Acropolis, Athens 447-432 B.C. The stylobate is the three-step base on which the Parthenon stands. In order to correct the distortions naturally made by the eye, the stylobate is curved upward toward the center of the colonnades on each side of the temple. The architrave also is similarly curved....

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Detail, ENTABLATURE

Southwest corner of Parthenon Acropolis, Athens 447-440 B.C. The entablature covers the area above the capital up to the pediment. At the corner between the architrave and the cornice are the channeled blocks known as triglyphs. They alternate with ninety-two sculptured metopes around the entire building. The stone pegs under the triglyphs are rem...

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GODS OF OLYMPUS

Parthenon frieze East side Acropolis, Athens 442-438 B.C. Acropolis Museum, Athens Perhaps also executed by Phidias or a close collaborator, the gods Poseidon, Apollo and Artemis sit on diphros, four-legged stools which originated in Egypt....

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THEATRE OF DIONYSUS

Acropolis, Athens The theatre of Dionysus was built into the natural hollow of the south slope of the Acropolis. Originally a place to honor the god Dionysus in dance and song, in the fifth century the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides were performed on the orchestra floor for 30,000 Athenians. By the middle of the fifth century there w...

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SCHEMATIC OF DORIC: Entablature

Resting on the slab like abacus, the Doric entablature is made up of three parts. The lowest portion, the architrave (A) is generally a stright cut supporting member composed of blocks of stone which meet over the abacus. Above the architrave is the frieze (B). In Doric entablatures, this frieze generally is a series of sculpted metopes, separated ...

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ATHENIAN TREASURY ON THE SACRED WAY

Sanctuary of Apollo Delphi c. 500-485 B.C. The sacred way leads up to the temple past statues of dedication and treasuries built by many city-states. Originally there were twenty-three treasuries. They housed the gifts donated in honor of Apollo. The Athenian treasury was re-erected in 1906....

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APPROACH TO THE ACROPOLIS

Athens The Acropolis is approached from the west. High on the man-made bastion at the right sits the delicate Ionic temple of Athena Nike. The center columns are surviving elements of the Propylaea...

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TEMPLE OF VESTA

Forum Romanum Rome 205 The circular temple of Vesta was founded in 715 B.C. and rebuilt many times over the centuries. It was last rebuilt in 205 by Septimius Severus. A ten foot high podium supported a circular celIa thirty feet across, which was surrounded by Corinthian columns. One ring of columns is engaged to the wall and an outer ring suppor...

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Hadrian

TEMPLE OF VENUS AND ROME Forum Romanum Rome 123-135 Designed by Hadrian, the barrel-vaulted Temple of Venus and Rome is one of the most significant architectural achievements of the age. It was an immense temple with a platform 540 by 340 feet. Workmen from Asia Minor did most of the construction and their decorative contribution influenced subseq...

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