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Ancient Persia

Ancient Persia People

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Cambyses

Cambyses was the oldest son of Cyrus the Great, the first king of the Achaemenid empire (559-530). The name of Cambyses' mother is not known. The Greek researcher Herodotus of Halicarnassus calls her Cassandane, but Ctesias of Cnidus states she was Amytis, the daughter of the last king of independent Media, Astyages. Cyrus' career was dazzling. In ...

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Artaxerxes I

History of Iran: Artaxerxes I Artaxerxes (ArtÃ-khshatra) Ardashir-e DerÃ-z-Dast. The first Artaxerxes (465 - 425 BCE), among all the kings of Persia (Achaemanian Empire) the most remarkable for a gentle and noble spirit, was surnamed the Long-handed, his right hand being longer than his left, and was the son of Xerxes. The second, whose story I am...

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Alexander the Great

He was king of Macedonia and one of the greatest generals in history... He conquered much of what was then the civilized world. Alexander brought Greek ideas and the Greek way of doing things to all the countries he conquered. This great general and king made possible the broadly developed culture of the Hellenistic Age....

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Palace of Cyrus Stone Relief

Stone relief from doorway of Cyrus' palace at Pasargadae A winged figure, probably a protective spirit of the royal household. The crown resembles a Near Eastern figure that wards off evil spirits....

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Soldiers from the Ten Thousand Immortals

Glazed tile relief showing soldiers from the Ten Thousand Immortals. This imperial guard was an elite force made up of trustworthy ethnic Persians. From the Achaemenid winter palace at Susa, Elam. 520-500 B.C. (Paris: Louvre)...

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Avesta

Avesta: the holy book of Zoroastrianism, the Iranian religion that was founded by the legendary Bactrian prophet Zarathustra. Like the Bible, the Avesta (sometimes incorrectly called Zend-Avesta) is actually a library, containing different sacred texts which were written during a very long period in different languages. A difference with the Bible ...

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Rulers and Dynasties of Persia (Iran)

The following is a timetable of rulers and dynasties that ruled over Iran. It has been tried to name all rulers of Iran from the period of the Medesto the present. The dates mentioned are the period that the person inquestion ruled over (some part of ) Iran. Therefore you will also find different persons during the same time period. They probably r...

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Phraortes

Phraortes (Old Persian FrÃ-da): son of Upadaranma, king of Media (522-521 BCE). The immediate cause of Phraortes' rebellion was the death of the Persian king Cambyses in the Spring of 522 and the usurpation of the throne by a Magian named GaumÃ-ta, who did not belong to the Achaemenid dynasty and may have been a Mede by birth. The adherents of the ...

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Cyrus the Great, The Phenomenon

Cyrus (Kourosh in Persian; Kouros in Greek) is regarded as one of the most outstanding figures in history. His success in creating and maintaining the Achaemenian Empire was the result of an intelligent blending of diplomatic and military skills and his rule was tempered with wisdom and tact. The Persians called him 'father'; the Greeks, whom he co...

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