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The Laws of Ancient Persians

The Laws of the Medes and Persians have acquired universal fame; and the following pages will show how fully deserved that fame was. Iranian history starts in the beginnings of human life on earth, and yet the first Iranian ruling house was a dynasty of lawgivers. Hence Iranian law began to take shape ever since humanity started forming itself soci...

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Jewelry and Makeup in Ancient Persia

Archaeological finds in Iran show that women and men applied makeup and arrayed themselves with ornaments approximately 10,000 years ago, a trend which began from religious convictions rather than mere beautification motivations. Archaeologists have discovered various instruments of make-up and ornamental items in the Burnt City, which date back to...

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Marriage in Ancient Iran

Lack of documented sources and evidences makes it difficult to offer a well-documented survey, far from any presuppositions and pre-judgments, on the subject of identification and distinction of different forms of marriage in Ancient Iran. Therefore, in order to avoid any baseless and unjustifiable speculations, we have to look at the problem from ...

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Houses in Ancient Persia

In attempting to describe Persian houses during the Achaemenid period,it is necessaary to consider several factors, such as architectural styles and building techniques used in the middle east before ,during and after the Achaemenid period, and archaeological finds. However, firstly one should look at the people themselves and the climate they live...

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The History of Medicine in Ancient Persia

The history of medicine in Iran is as old and as rich as its civilization. In the Avesta, science and medicine rise above class, ethnicity, nationality, race, gender and religion. Some of the earliest practices of ancient Iranian medicine have been documented in the Avesta and other Zoroastrian religious texts....

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Ancient Persian Festivals

IRANIAN NEW YEAR NO RUZ , by Massoume Price. No Ruz, new day or New Year as the Iranians call it, is a celebration of spring Equinox. It has been celebrated by all the major cultures of ancient Mesopotamia. Sumerians, 3000BC, Babylonians 2000 BC, the ancient kingdom of Elam in Southern Persia 2000BC, Akaddians all have been celebrating it in one fo...

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Insurance in Ancient Iran

One of the measures taking place in the time of world Achaemenian government was establishing a law known today as insurance. Achaemenian monarchs were the first insured their people and made it official by registering the insuring process in governmental notary offices. The insurance tradition was performed each year in Norouz (beginning of the Ir...

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Medicine in Avesta and Ancient Iran

One of the earliest lawmakers in the history of civilization is the Babylonian king, Hammurabi (1728-1686 B.C.. A total of 282 laws known as the code of Hammurabi have been recognized. (1) The code clearly illustrates its influence in the Judaic and Islamic laws. Law no: 218 states: "If a physician performed a major operation on a seignior with bro...

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Family Law in Ancient Iran

Mazdean family law is the most extensive and involved section of the civil code as set forth in the few surviving Middle Persian legal texts, especially the Sasanian lawbook entitled MÃ-dayÃ-n î hazÃ-r dÃ-destÃ-n. It comprises a medley of orthodox legislation (kardag) and revisions (dÃ-destÃ-n) enacted by more liberal jurists and dignitaries (dast...

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Economy in the Achaemenid Period

The Achaemenid empire, extending from the Indus river to the Aegean sea, comprised such economically developed countries as Egypt, Syria, Phoenicia, Babylonia, Elam, and Asia Minor, lands which had their long traditions of social institutions, as well as Sakai, Massagetai, Lycians, Libyans, Nubians and other tribes undergoing the disintegration of ...

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