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Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator

Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator was an Egyptian king of the Ptolemaic period. His reign is controversial, and it is possible that he did not reign at all, but was only granted royal dignity posthumously....

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Ptolemy XII Auletes

Information about Ptolemy XII Auletes ('the flutist'): king of the Ptolemaic Empire, ruled from 80 to 58 and from 55 to 51....

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Antiochus I Soter

Son of Seleucus I & co-regent of eastern provinces (Armenia, Mesopotamia & Persia) from 292-281 BCE. No sooner had he inherited control of the western provinces (281 BCE), than Gallic invasions of Asia Minor forced him to form an alliance with his rival Antigonus II of Macedonia....

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Antiochus IV Epiphanes

Since the third son of Antiochus III was not in direct line for the Seleucid throne, he was sent to Rome as a hostage after his father's defeat by the Romans (189 BCE) . Fourteen years later (175 BCE) his older brother, Seleucus IV, secured his release shortly before being murdered by his own chief minister. Antiochus avenged his brother's death &a...

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Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, 106-47 BC

Shakespeare portrays - with gentle comedy - Pompey as the font of all military wisdom. Cicero - who generally supported Pompey but whose private letters are venomous about his failings - could still claim, when civil war began, that he would die for him. When the poet Lucan wrote his great epic of the Civil Wars in the age of Nero, Pompey had becom...

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Hasmonean Revolt

Hasmonean Revolt Against Seleucid Rule. We know little about life in Israel during the period of about 300 years between the time of the return from Babylon and the time of the taking over of the country by the Seleucids. We do know that religious observance was so important that they would not even defend themselves when attacked on the Sabbath (t...

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Ptolemy I Soter

The First King of Ancient Egypt's Ptolemaic Dynasty. By Jimmy Dunn In the ancient world, there is no surprise that military men often became rulers. These men, most of whom rose through the military ranks, usually had considerable administrative skills and had proved themselves to be leaders. Almost certainly the first man to unite Egypt at the daw...

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Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Tryphon (also known as Physcon, meaning potbelly, Ptolemy the Younger and Ptolemy Kakergetes) was the eighth ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. The reign of Ptolemy VIII has been referred to as a disaster in every way, and Ptolemy VIII has often been called a tyrant and repulsive. Acording to Athenaeus Deipnosophistani (XII 5...

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Ptolemy V Epiphanes

The Fifth King of Egypt's Ptolemaic Period. Ptolemy V Epiphanes ("manifest"), the fifth king of EgyptPtolemaic Period began life precariously. His father, Ptolemy IV Philopator was a weak king who died at the relatively young age of 41, after a dissolute life shrouded by controlling advisors. After his mother, Arsinoe III's death at the hands of hi...

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Cleopatra VII & Ptolemy XII

Egypt: Rulers, Kings and Pharaos of Ancient Egypt: Cleopatra VII & Ptolemy XII. In the springtime of 51 BC, Ptolemy Auletes died and left his kingdom in his will to his eighteen year old daughter, Cleopatra, and her younger brother Ptolemy XIII who was twelve at the time. Cleopatra was born in 69 BC in Alexandria, Egypt. She had two older siste...

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