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Ancient Persia

Achaemenians Hakhamanesh Persian History

The 6th century BC was witness to the establishment of these Persians in the present-day region of Fars. Fars (or Persis to the Greeks) was a recognizable district of the Assyrian Empire like the neighboring but greater Media. Persian rulers, claiming descent from one Achaemenes (or Hakhamanesh), took over the rule of Media from Astyages in the mid...

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Interactive Map to the Regions of Iran

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Parthian Arsacid Dynasty; 247 BC - 224 AD

Iran - Parthian /Arsacid (AshkÃ-niÃ-n) Dynasty; 247BCE-CE224...

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Darius' Suez Inscriptions

Darius I (Old Persian DÃ-rayavauÅ¡): king of ancient Persia, whose reign lasted from 522 to 486. He seized power after killing king GaumÃ-ta, fought a civil war (described in the Behistun inscription), and was finally able to refound the Achaemenid empire, which had been very loosely organized until then. Darius fought several foreign wars, which b...

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Ancient Scripts: Avestan

Avestan was an Iranian language in which the earliest Zoroastrian hymns were orally transmitted since 1500 BCE. Due to lingusitic change, fluency in Avestan as spoken a thousand years earlier was deteorating, and hence the need to write the language became increasingly apparent. By the 3rd century CE an alphabet was created to write down the ancien...

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Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions

In ca.521, the Persian king Darius I the Great ordered that a new alphabet, which he called the Aryan script, was to be developed. It was used for a small corpus of inscriptions, known as the Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions. This page offers links to transcriptions, translations and pictures....

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Khark Stone Inscription

Tehran Times - Khark stone inscription may add five new words to ancient Persian TEHRAN -- It is possible that five words have been added to our knowledge of the ancient Persian language by the recent discovery of a stone inscription on Khark Island in the Persian Gulf, the Persian service of CHN reported on Tuesday. The cuneiform inscription, com...

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Ancient Scripts: Old Persian

The first Persian Empire of the Achaemenid dynasty rose to power in the middle of the 6th century BCE and quickly conquered an area that stretched from Mesopotamia to Afghanistan. Early in the history of the dynasty, a syllabic script to write the Old Persian language was developed. This script was not a direct descendent of the Sumerian and Akkadi...

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Old Persian Texts

The Achaemenian Kings left extensive cuneiform inscriptions in Old Persian dated roughly between 600 BCE and 300 BCE. They also left ruins which have been described as the most grandiose of the ancient world. While it is by no means certain that they were orthodox Zoroastrians, the majority opinion among scholars is that this is very likely. One of...

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The Achaemenids Law Dâta

By: Rüdiger Sshmitt. DÃ-ta, Old Iranian term for "law" (originally the neuter verbal adjective dÃ-ta-m from the root dÃ-- "to put, place," thus "(the law) set/laid down"; cf. Ger. Gesetz and Eng. law respectively), attested both in Avestan texts (Old and Younger Av. dÃ-ta-) and in Achaemenid royal inscriptions (Old Pers. dÃ-ta-; Kent, Old Persian,...

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