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Ancient Greece

Pelopennesian War (431-404 B.C.)

The war was a catastrophe for Athens. She lost her empire so thoroughly that she never regained it. Sparta won the war, but scarcely knew what to do with the fruits of victory. Her attempts to lead the Greeks were heavy-handed and soon called forth new champions of liberty. Wars and Military History...

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Amazons

The Amazons are legendary figures in Greek mythology, often depicted as a society of fierce and formidable warrior women. The name "Amazon" is said to derive from the Greek word "a-mazos," which can be interpreted as "without a breast." The myth surrounding the Amazons has captivated imaginations for centuries and is filled with tales of powerful f...

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Greek Theaters

Greek theaters were open-air structures that were used for the performance of plays and other events. They were typically built on hillsides, with the audience sitting in tiers below the stage. Greek theaters were designed to amplify the sound, so that even the people in the back rows could hear the actors clearly. The first Greek theaters were bui...

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Hellas Net: Warfare in Hellas

Warfare in Hellas, the historical term for Greece, has a rich and diverse history that spans millennia. Ancient Greek warfare was characterized by its iconic hoplite phalanx formations, where heavily armed soldiers called hoplites formed a shield wall, presenting a formidable front in battle. This tactic played a crucial role in conflicts between G...

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Amazons in Greek Mythology

According to Greek mythology, Amazons were a warlike tribe of women descended from the god of war, Ares and the naiad Harmonia. Historically, Amazons were portrayed as beautiful women in Amazonomachies, which was an artform showing battles between the Amazons and Greeks. Amazons were trained to use all weapons and especially in single combat. They ...

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Structure of the Plays

The basic structure of a Greek tragedy is fairly simple. After a prologue spoken by one or more characters, the chorus enters, singing and dancing. Scenes then alternate between spoken sections (dialogue between characters, and between characters and chorus) and sung sections (during which the chorus danced). Here are the basic parts of a Greek Tra...

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Battle of Plataea and Mycale

The Battles of Plataea and Mycale were two of the most important battles in the Greco-Persian Wars. They took place in 479 BC, and they marked the end of the second Persian invasion of Greece. Battle of Plataea The Battle of Plataea was fought between a Greek alliance led by Sparta and Athens, and a Persian army led by Mardonius. The Greeks had won...

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Hercules

The most popular of Greek heroes, Hercules (sometimes called "Herakles") was celebrated in stories, sculptures, paintings, and even in the geography of the ancient world....

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Heracles and the Rulers of Greece

Heracles: The Twelve Labors of the Hero in Ancient Art and Literature [J. P. Adams' Greek Mythology class handouts.]...

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Peloponnesian War By Thucydides

"The Peloponnesian War" is a monumental historical work written by the ancient Greek historian Thucydides. This detailed account chronicles the devastating and protracted conflict known as the Peloponnesian War, which took place in the 5th century BCE between the city-states of Athens and Sparta, along with their respective alliances. Key Points: A...

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