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Ancient Greece

The Parthenon

When work began on the Parthenon in 447 BC, the Athenian Empire was at the height of its power. Work on the temple continued until 432; the Parthenon, then, represents the tangible and visible efflorescence of Athenian imperial power, unencumbered by the depradations of the Peloponnesian War. Likewise, it symbolizes the power and influence of the A...

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The History of Plumbing - Greece

Until Philip of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great, rampaged through and destroyed the city in 432 B.C., Olynthus was a rich and flourishing metropolis, its people enjoying the luxury of the latest plumbing innovation-bathtubs. Excavations at Olynthus, in northern Greece, attest to tiled bathrooms and self-draining tubs. Several of the tubs hav...

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Ancient Greek Infantry Table of Contents

I. Tactical Warfare: Formation of the phalanx; defensive and offensive fronts. II. Armor and Weapons: Hoplite armaments, shields, swords etc.; chariots. III. Military Hierarchy: Infrastructure from Generals to "packers". IV. Military Pay: Integration of monetary funds for military duties, mercenaries. V. Military Duty: Duty to the state and to the ...

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The Ancient City of Athens

Photographic archive of the archaeological and architectural remains of ancient Athens (Greece). It is intended primarily as a resource for students and teachers of classical art & archaeology, civilization, languages, and history as a supplement to their class lectures and reading assignments and as a source of images for use in term papers, p...

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Thucydides: Pericles' Funeral Oration

[Ancient Greece]...

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The Athenian Constitution by Aristotle

The Internet Classics Archive | [Ancient Greece]...

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Linear B

Despite such a non-descriptive name, Linear B has proved to be the oldest surviving record of the Greek dialect known as Mycenaean, named after the great site of Mycenae where the legendary Agamemnon ruled. The script's usage spanned the time period between approximately 1500 BC and 1200 BC, and geographically covered the island of Crete, as well a...

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The Early Minoan Period:The Settlements

EARLY MINOAN I (ca. 3100/3000-2700/2650 B.C.) Pottery Architecture Stone Metal External Relations EARLY MINOAN II (ca. 2700/2650-2150 B.C.) Pottery Architecture Stone Metal Internal and External Relations EARLY MINOAN III (ca. 2150-2050/2000 B.C.) Problems of Definition Pottery Architecture...

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History of Naval Warfare

Naval warfare is combat in and on seas and oceans. Mankind has fought battles on the sea for more than 3,000 years. The many sea battles through history also provide a reliable source for shipwrecks and underwater archaeology. A major example, albeit not very commonly known, is the exploration of the wrecks of various ships in the Pacific Ocean, na...

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Greeks versus Persians

The organization of the mainland Greeks into cities inaugurated a period of stability, wealth, further population expansion, and social and economic experimentation which made of Greece a great force in the Mediterranean. Greek traders and colonists ranged over the entire Mediterranean basin in the late seventh century BC, spreading westward to Sic...

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