Falcon
fo'-k'-n, fol'-k'-n, fal'-kun: The Hebrews did not know the
word. Their bird corresponding to our falcon, in all
probability, was one of the smaller kestrels covered by the
word nets, which seemed to cover all lesser birds of prey
that we include in the hawk family. That some of our many
divisions of species were known to them is indicated by the
phrase "after its kind." The word occurs in the Revised
Version (British and American) in Job 28:7, to translation
'ayyah, Greek gups (compare Lev 11:14; Dt 14:13):
"That path no bird of prey knoweth,
Neither hath the falcon's eye seen it."
This substitutes "falcon" for "vulture" in the King James
Version. The change weakens the force of the lines. All
ornithologists know that eagles, vultures and the large
hawks have such range of vision that they at once descend
from heights at which we cannot see them to take prey on
earth or food placed to tempt them. The falcons and sparrow
hawks are small members of the family, some of which feed on
little birds, some on insects. They are not celebrated for
greater range of vision than other birds of the same
location and feeding habits. The strength of these lines lay
in the fact that if the path to the mine were so well
concealed that the piercing eye of the vulture failed to
find it, then it was perfectly hidden indeed.
Gene Stratton-Porter
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-A carnivorous bird (R. V.)
Le 11:14; De 14:13
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Le 11:16; De 14:15; Job 39:26 The hawk includes various
species of the Falconidae. With respect to the passage in Job
(l.c.) which appears to allude to the migratory habits of
hawks, it is curious to observe that of the ten or twelve
lesser raptors (hawk tribe) of Israel, nearly all are summer
migrants. The kestrel remains all the year, but the others are
all migrants from the south.
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(Heb. netz, a word expressive of strong and rapid flight, and
hence appropriate to the hawk). It is an unclean bird
(Lev.
11:16; Deut. 14:15). It is common in Syria and
surrounding
countries. The Hebrew word includes various species of
Falconidae, with special reference perhaps to the
kestrel (Falco
tinnunculus), the hobby (Hypotriorchis subbuteo), and
the lesser
kestrel (Tin, Cenchris). The kestrel remains all the
year in
Israel, but some ten or twelve other species are all
migrants
from the south. Of those summer visitors to Israel
special
mention may be made of the Falco sacer and the Falco
lanarius.
(See NIGHT-HAWK -T0002729.)
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neets; implying "strong and rapid flight". Migratory in S.
Europe and parts of Asia; so Job 39:26, "doth the hawk fly by
thy wisdom, and stretch her wings toward the S.?" Of the dozen
lesser raptores, birds, in Israel nearly all are summer
migrants; the Falco saker and Falco lanarius, besides the
smaller Falco melanopterus, Hypotriorchis subbuteo or the
hobby, etc. The sacred monuments show that one kind was sacred
in Egypt. The Greek name implies "sacredness", hierax.
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Doth the hawk fly by thy wisdom, [and] stretch her wings
toward the south?
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And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk
after his kind,
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And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk
after his kind,
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Hawk (Hebr., neç) is, in the Scriptures, a general denomination including, with the falcon, all the smaller birds of prey, the kestrel, merlin, sparrowhawk , hobby, and others, most common in Israel.
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Sparrow Hawk (falco nisus), one of the hawks of Israel, so common that it might be regarded, in reference to the Bible, as the hawk par excellence.
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