Tullus Hostilius in Wikipedia
Tullus Hostilius (r. 673 BC – 642 BC) was the third of the Kings of Rome. He succeeded Numa Pompilius, and was succeeded by Ancus
Marcius. Unlike his predecessor, Tullus was known as a warlike king.
Tullus Hostilius was the grandson of Hostus Hostilius who had fought with Romulus and died during the Sabine invasion of Rome [1].
The principal feature of Tullus' reign was his defeat of Alba Longa. After beating Alba Longa in war (by the victory of three Roman
champions over three Albans) Alba Longa became Rome's vassal state. However, after the Alban dictator subsequently betrayed Rome,
Tullus ordered Alba Longa to be destroyed, and forced the migration of the Alban citizenry to Rome where they were integrated and
became Roman citizens [2].
Tullus also fought successful wars against Fidenae and Veii and against the Sabines [3].
According to Livy, Tullus paid little heed to religious observances during his reign, thinking them unworthy of a king's attention.
However, at the close of his reign, Rome was affected by a series of prodigies including a shower of stones on the Alban Mount (in
response to which a public religious festival of nine days was held - a novendialis), a loud voice was heard on the summit of the
mount complaining about the Albans failed devotion to their former gods, and a pestilence struck in Rome. King Tullus became ill, and
was filled with superstition. He reviewed the commentaries of Numa Pompilius and attempted to carry out sacrifices recommended by Numa
to Jupiter Elicius. However Tullus did not undertake the ceremony correctly, and both he and his house were struck by lightning and
reduced to ashes as a result of the anger of Jupiter...
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