Mourn in Easton's Bible Dictionary
Frequent references are found in Scripture to, (1.) Mourning
for
the dead. Abraham mourned for Sarah (Gen. 23:2);
Jacob for
Joseph (37:34, 35); the Egyptians for Jacob (50:3-
10); Israel
for Aaron (Num. 20:29), for Moses (Deut. 34:8), and
for Samuel
(1 Sam. 25:1); David for Abner (2 Sam. 3:31, 35);
Mary and
Martha for Lazarus (John 11); devout men for Stephen
(Acts 8:2),
etc.
(2.) For calamities, Job (1:20, 21; 2:8); Israel
(Ex. 33:4);
the Ninevites (Jonah 3:5); Israel, when defeated by
Benjamin
(Judg. 20:26), etc.
(3.) Penitential mourning, by the Israelites on the
day of
atonement (Lev. 23:27; Acts 27:9); under Samuel's
ministry (1
Sam. 7:6); predicted in Zechariah (Zech. 12:10, 11);
in many of
the psalms (51, etc.).
Mourning was expressed, (1) by weeping (Gen. 35:8,
marg.; Luke
7:38, etc.); (2) by loud lamentation (Ruth 1:9; 1
Sam. 6:19; 2
Sam. 3:31); (3) by the disfigurement of the person,
as rending
the clothes (Gen. 37:29, 34; Matt. 26:65), wearing
sackcloth
(Gen. 37:34; Ps. 35:13), sprinkling dust or ashes on
the person
(2 Sam. 13:19; Jer. 6:26; Job 2:12), shaving the
head and
plucking out the hair of the head or beard (Lev.
10:6; Job
1:20), neglect of the person or the removal of
ornaments (Ex.
33:4; Deut. 21:12, 13; 2 Sam. 14:2; 19:24; Matt.
6:16, 17),
fasting (2 Sam. 1:12), covering the upper lip (Lev.
13:45; Micah
3:7), cutting the flesh (Jer. 16:6, 7), and sitting
in silence
(Judg. 20:26; 2 Sam. 12:16; 13:31; Job 1:20).
In the later times we find a class of mourners who
could be
hired to give by their loud lamentation the external
tokens of
sorrow (2 Chr. 35:25; Jer. 9:17; Matt. 9:23).
The period of mourning for the dead varied. For
Jacob it was
seventy days (Gen. 50:3); for Aaron (Num. 20:29) and
Moses
(Deut. 34:8) thirty days; and for Saul only seven
days (1 Sam.
31:13). In 2 Sam. 3:31-35, we have a description of
the great
mourning for the death of Abner.
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