Iran The Country, General Facts

Always known as Iran to its people, the country for centuries was referred to as Persia by the Europeans. Both names are widely used today. Its position as a vast natural fortress, with mountain ranges, enabled the Persians to preserve their individuality in spite of the conquests by the Arabs (7th century), the Turks (10th century), and the Mongols (13th to 15th centuries). Today, Iran remains a country rich in traditions, very hospitable, home to ancient cities, labyrinthine bazaars, and elegant mosques. Its culture has had a great influence on other countries, both in Central Asia, and throughout the world.