Darius II of Persia in Wikipedia
(Dārayavahuš), originally called Ochus and often surnamed
Nothus (from Greek νόθος), was king of the Persian Empire
from 423 BC to 404 BC.
Artaxerxes I, who died on December 25, 424 BC, was followed
by his son Xerxes II. After a month and a half Xerxes II was
murdered by his brother Secydianus or Sogdianus (the form of
the name is uncertain). His illegitimate brother, Ochus,
satrap of Hyrcania, rebelled against Sogdianus, and after a
short fight killed him, and suppressed by treachery the
attempt of his own brother Arsites to imitate his example.
Ochus adopted the name Darius (in the chronicles he is
called Nothos"). Neither Xerxes II nor Secydianus occurs in
the dates of the numerous Babylonian tablets from Nippur;
here the reign of Darius II follows immediately after that
of Artaxerxes I.
Prospective tomb of Darius II of Persia in Naqsh-e Rustam
Of Darius's reign historians know very little (a rebellion
of the Medes in 409 BC is mentioned by Xenophon), except
that he was quite dependent on his wife Parysatis. In the
excerpts from Ctesias some harem intrigues are recorded, in
which he played a disreputable part. As long as the power of
Athens remained intact he did not meddle in Greek affairs;
even the support which the Athenians in 413 BC gave to the
rebel Amorges in Caria would not have roused him, had not
the Athenian power been broken in the same year before
Syracuse. He gave orders to his satraps in Asia Minor,
Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus, to send in the overdue tribute
of the Greek towns, and to begin a war with Athens; for this
purpose they entered into an alliance with Sparta. In 408 BC
he sent his son Cyrus to Asia Minor, to carry on the war
with greater energy. In 404 BC Darius II died after a reign
of nineteen years, and was followed by Artaxerxes II...
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