Aretas IV Philopatris in Wikipedia
was the King of the Nabataeans from roughly 9 BC to AD 40.
His full title, as given in the inscriptions, was "Aretas,
King of the Nabataeans, Friend of his People." Being the most
powerful neighbour of Judea, he frequently took part in the
state affairs of that country, and was influential in shaping
the destiny of its rulers. While on not particularly good
terms with Rome - as intimated by his surname, "Friend of his
People", which is in direct opposition to the prevalent
φιλορώμαις ("Friend of the Romans") and φιλόκαισαρ ("Friend of
the Emperor") - and though it was only after great hesitation
that Augustus recognized him as king, nevertheless he took
part in the expedition of Varus against the Jews in the year 4
BC, and placed a considerable army at the disposal of the
Roman general...
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