An account was given of the porch of the house in the close of the
foregoing chapter; this brings us to the temple itself, the description
of which here given creates much difficulty to the critical expositors
and occasions differences among them. Those must consult them who are
nice in their enquiries into the meaning of the particulars of this
delineation; it shall suffice us to observe,
I. The dimensions of the house, the posts of it
(Ezekiel 41:1),
the door
(Ezekiel 41:2),
the wall and the side-chambers
(Ezekiel 41:5,6),
the foundations and wall of the chambers, their doors
(Ezekiel 41:8-11),
and the house itself,
Ezekiel 41:13.
II. The dimensions of the oracle, or most holy place,
Ezekiel 41:3,4.
III. An account of another building over against the separate place,
Ezekiel 41:12-15.
IV. The manner of the building of the house,
Ezekiel 41:7,16,17.
V. The ornaments of the house,
Ezekiel 41:18-20.
VI. The altar of incense and the table,
Ezekiel 41:22.
VII. The doors between the temple and the oracle,
Ezekiel 41:23-26.
There is so much difference both in the terms and in the rules of
architecture between one age and another, one place and another, that
it ought not to be any stumbling-block to us that there is so much in
these descriptions dark and hard to be understood, about the meaning of
which the learned are not agreed. To one not skilled in mathematics the
mathematical description of a modern structure would be scarcely
intelligible; and yet to a common carpenter or mason among the Jews at
that time we may suppose that all this, in the literal sense of it, was
easy enough.
The Vision of the Temple.
B. C. 574.
1 Afterward he brought me to the temple, and measured the
posts, six cubits broad on the one side, and six cubits broad on
the other side, which was the breadth of the tabernacle.
2 And the breadth of the door was ten cubits; and the sides
of the door were five cubits on the one side, and five cubits
on the other side: and he measured the length thereof, forty
cubits: and the breadth, twenty cubits.
3 Then went he inward, and measured the post of the door, two
cubits; and the door, six cubits; and the breadth of the door,
seven cubits.
4 So he measured the length thereof, twenty cubits; and the
breadth, twenty cubits, before the temple: and he said unto me,
This is the most holy place.
5 After he measured the wall of the house, six cubits; and the
breadth of every side chamber, four cubits, round about the
house on every side.
6 And the side chambers were three, one over another, and
thirty in order; and they entered into the wall which was of
the house for the side chambers round about, that they might have
hold, but they had not hold in the wall of the house.
7 And there was an enlarging, and a winding about still
upward to the side chambers: for the winding about of the house
went still upward round about the house: therefore the breadth of
the house was still upward, and so increased from the lowest
chamber to the highest by the midst.
8 I saw also the height of the house round about: the
foundations of the side chambers were a full reed of six great
cubits.
9 The thickness of the wall, which was for the side chamber
without, was five cubits: and that which was left was the
place of the side chambers that were within.
10 And between the chambers was the wideness of twenty cubits
round about the house on every side.
11 And the doors of the side chambers were toward the place
that was left, one door toward the north, and another door
toward the south: and the breadth of the place that was left
was five cubits round about.
We are still attending a prophet that is under the guidance of an
angel, and therefore attend with reverence, though we are often at a
loss to know both what this is and what it is to us. Observe here,
1. After the prophet had observed the courts he was at length
brought to the temple,
Ezekiel 41:1.
If we diligently attend to the instructions given us in the plainer
parts of religion, and profit by them, we shall be led further into an
acquaintance with the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven. Those that
are willing to dwell in God's courts shall at length be brought into
his temple. Ezekiel was himself a priest, but by the iniquity and
calamity of the times was cut short of his birthright privilege of
ministering in the temple; but God makes up the loss to him by
introducing him into this prophetical, evangelical, celestial temple,
and employing him to transmit a description of it to the church, in
which he was dignified above all the rest of his order.
2. When our Lord Jesus spoke of the destroying of this temple,
which his hearers understood of this second temple of Jerusalem, he
spoke of the temple of his body
(John 2:19,21);
and with good reason might he speak so ambiguously when Ezekiel's
vision had a joint respect to them both together, including also his
mystical body the church, which is called the house of God
(1 Timothy 3:15),
and all the members of that body, which are living temples, in
which the Spirit dwells.
3. The very posts of this temple, the door-posts, were as far one from
the other, and consequently the door was as wide, as the whole
breadth of the tabernacle of Moses
(Ezekiel 41:1),
namely, twelve cubits,
Exodus 26:16,22,25.
In comparison with what had been under the law we may say, Wide is
the gate which leads into the church, the ceremonial law, that wall
of partition which had so much straitened the gate, being taken down.
4. The most holy place was an exact square, twenty cubits each way,
Ezekiel 41:4.
For the new Jerusalem is exactly square
(Revelation 21:16),
denoting its stability; for we look for a city that cannot be moved.
5. The upper stories were larger than the lower,
Ezekiel 41:7.
The walls of the temple were six cubits thick at the bottom, five in
the middle story, and four in the highest, which gave room to enlarge
the chambers the higher they went; but care was taken that the timber
might have fast hold (though God builds high, he builds firmly),
yet so as not to weaken one part for the strengthening of another; they
had hold, but not in the wall of the house. By this spreading
gradually, the side-chambers that were on the height of the
house (in the uppermost story of all) were six cubits, whereas the
lowest were but four; they gained a cubit every story. The higher we
build up ourselves in our most holy faith the more should our hearts,
those living temples, be enlarged.
The Vision of the Temple.
B. C. 574.
12 Now the building that was before the separate place at the
end toward the west was seventy cubits broad; and the wall of
the building was five cubits thick round about, and the length
thereof ninety cubits.
13 So he measured the house, a hundred cubits long; and the
separate place, and the building, with the walls thereof, an
hundred cubits long;
14 Also the breadth of the face of the house, and of the
separate place toward the east, a hundred cubits.
15 And he measured the length of the building over against the
separate place which was behind it, and the galleries thereof
on the one side and on the other side, a hundred cubits, with
the inner temple, and the porches of the court;
16 The door posts, and the narrow windows, and the galleries
round about on their three stories, over against the door, cieled
with wood round about, and from the ground up to the windows, and
the windows were covered;
17 To that above the door, even unto the inner house, and
without, and by all the wall round about within and without, by
measure.
18 And it was made with cherubims and palm trees, so that a
palm tree was between a cherub and a cherub; and every cherub
had two faces;
19 So that the face of a man was toward the palm tree on the
one side, and the face of a young lion toward the palm tree on
the other side: it was made through all the house round about.
20 From the ground unto above the door were cherubims and
palm trees made, and on the wall of the temple.
21 The posts of the temple were squared, and the face of
the sanctuary; the appearance of the one as the appearance of
the other.
22 The altar of wood was three cubits high, and the length
thereof two cubits; and the corners thereof, and the length
thereof, and the walls thereof, were of wood: and he said unto
me, This is the table that is before the LORD.
23 And the temple and the sanctuary had two doors.
24 And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves;
two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other
door.
25 And there were made on them, on the doors of the temple,
cherubims and palm trees, like as were made upon the walls; and
there were thick planks upon the face of the porch without.
26 And there were narrow windows and palm trees on the one
side and on the other side, on the sides of the porch, and upon
the side chambers of the house, and thick planks.
Here is,
1. An account of a building that was before the separate place
(that is, before the temple), at the end towards the west
(Ezekiel 41:12),
which is here measured, and compared
(Ezekiel 41:13)
with the measure of the house, and appears to be of equal dimensions
with it. This stood in a court by itself, which is measured
(Ezekiel 41:15)
and its galleries, or chambers belonging to it, its posts and windows,
and the ornaments of them,
Ezekiel 41:15-17.
But what use was to be made of this other building we are not told;
perhaps, in this vision, it signified the setting up of a church among
the Gentiles not inferior to the Jewish temple, but of quite another
nature, and which should soon supersede it.
2. A description of the ornaments of the temple, and the other
building. The walls on the inside from top to bottom were adorned with
cherubim and palm-trees, placed alternately, as in Solomon's
temple,
1 Kings 6:29.
Each cherub is here said to have two faces, the face of a
man towards the palm tree on one side and the face of a young
lion towards the palm-tree on the other side,
Ezekiel 41:19.
These seem to represent the angels, who have more than the wisdom of a
man and the courage of a lion; and in both they have an eye to the
palms of victory and triumph which are set before them, and which they
are sure of in all their conflicts with the powers of darkness. And in
the assemblies of the saints angels are in a special manner present,
1 Corinthians 11:10.
3. A description of the posts of the doors both of the temple and of
the sanctuary; they were squared
(Ezekiel 41:21),
not round like pillars; and the appearance of the one was as the
appearance of the other. In the tabernacle, and in Solomon's
temple, the door of the sanctuary, or most holy, was narrower than that
of the temple, but here it was fully as broad; for in gospel-times
the way into the holiest of all is made more manifest
than it was under the Old Testament
(Hebrews 9:8)
and therefore the door is wider. These doors are described,
Ezekiel 41:23,24.
The temple and the sanctuary had each of them its door, and they were
two-leaved, folding doors.
4. We have here the description of the altar of incense, here said to
be an altar of wood,
Ezekiel 41:22.
No mention is made of its being over-laid with gold; but surely
it was intended to be so, else it would not bear the fire with which
the incense was to be burned, unless we will suppose that it served
only to put the censers upon. Or else it intimates that the incense to
be offered in the gospel-temple shall be purely spiritual, and the fire
spiritual, which will not consume an altar of wood. Therefore this
altar is called a table. This is the table that is before the
Lord. Here, as before, we find the altar turned into a table; for,
the great sacrifice being now offered, that which we have to do is to
feast upon the sacrifice at the Lord's table.
5. Here is the adorning of the doors and windows with palm-trees, that
they might be of a piece with the walls of the house,
Ezekiel 41:25,26.
Thus the living temples are adorned, not with gold, or silver, or
costly array, but with the hidden man of the heart, in that which is
not corruptible.
Matthew Henry "Verse by Verse Commentary for 'Ezekiel' Matthew Henry Bible Commentary".
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