hinnom Summary and Overview

a deep, narrow ravine separating Mount Zion from the so-called "Hill of Evil Counsel." It took its name from "some ancient hero, the son of Hinnom." It is first mentioned in Josh. 15:8. It had been the place where the idolatrous Jews burned their children alive to Moloch and Baal. A particular part of the valley was called Tophet, or the "fire-stove," where the children were burned. After the Exile, in order to show their abhorrence of the locality, the Jews made this valley the receptacle of the offal of the city, for the destruction of which a fire was, as is supposed, kept constantly burning there. The Jews associated with this valley these two ideas, (1) that of the sufferings of the victims that had there been sacrificed; and (2) that of filth and corruption. It became thus to the popular mind a symbol of the abode of the wicked hereafter. It came to signify hell as the place of the wicked. "It might be shown by infinite examples that the Jews expressed hell, or the place of the damned, by this word. The word Gehenna [the Greek contraction of Hinnom] was never used in the time of Christ in any other sense than to denote the place of future punishment." About this fact there can be no question. In this sense the word is used eleven times in our Lord's discourses (Matt. 23:33; Luke 12:5; Matt. 5:22, etc.).

(lamentation), Valley of, otherwise called "the valley of the son" or "children of Hinnom," a deep and narrow ravine, with steep, rocky sides, to the south and west of Jerusalem, separating Mount Zion to the north from the "hill of evil counsel," and the sloping rocky plateau of the "plain of Rephaim" to the south. The earliest mention of the valley of Hinnom is in #Jos 15:8; 18:16| where the boundary line between the tribes of Judah and Benjamin is described as passing along the bed of the ravine. On the southern brow, overlooking the valley at its eastern extremity Solomon erected high places for Molech, #1Ki 11:7| whose horrid rites were revived from time to time in the same vicinity the later idolatrous kings. Ahaz and Manasseh made their children "pass through the fire" in this valley, #2Ki 16:3; 2Ch 28:3; 33:6| and the fiendish custom of infant sacrifice to the fire-gods seems to have been kept up in Tophet, which was another name for this place. To put an end to these abominations the place was polluted by Josiah, who renders it ceremonially unclean by spreading over it human bones and other corruptions, #2Ki 23:10,13,14; 2Ch 34:4,5| from which time it appears to have become the common cesspool of the city, into which sewage was conducted, to be carried off by the waters of the Kidron. From its ceremonial defilement, and from the detested and abominable fire of Molech, if not from the supposed ever-burning funeral piles, the later Jews applied the name of this valley --Ge Hinnom, Gehenna (land of Hinnom)--to denote the place of eternal torment. In this sense the word is used by our Lord. #Mt 5:29; 10:28; 23:15; Mr 9:43; Lu 12:5|

HIN'NOM , a valley to the south and west of Jerusalem, called also "the valley of the son," or "children, of Hinnom," or "valley of the children of groaning," a deep and narrow ravine with steep, rocky sides separating Mount Zion to the north from the "hill of evil counsel," and the sloping rocky plateau of the "plain of Rephaim" to the south. The south-eastern portion of the valley was called Tophet, or "place of fire," Jer 7:31; 2 Kgs 23:10, and the "valley of slaughter," Jer 7:32; Jer 19:6. The earliest mention of the Valley of Hinnom is in Josh 15:8; Josh 18:16, where the boundary-line between the tribes of Judah and Benjamin is described as passing along the bed of the ravine. On the southern brow, overlooking the valley at its eastern extremity, Solomon erected high places for Molech, 1 Kgs 11:7, whose horrid rites were revived from time to time in the same vicinity by the later idolatrous kings. Ahaz and Manasseh made their children "pass through the fire" in this valley, 2 Kgs 16:3; 2 Chr 28:3; 2 Chr 33:6, and the fiendish custom of infant sacrifice to the fire-gods seems to have been kept up in Tophet. To put an end to these sacrifices, Josiah polluted the place by spreading over it human bones and other corruptions, 2 Kgs 23:10, 2 Kgs 23:13-14; 2 Chr 34:4-5, from which time it appears to have become the common cesspool of the city, into which its sewage was conducted, to be carried off by the waters of the Kedron. From its ceremonial defilement, and from the detested and abominable fire of Molech, if not from the supposed ever-burning funeral piles, the later Jews applied the name of this valley, Ge Hinnom, Gehenna, to denote the place of eternal torment. In this sense the word is used in the Gospels. Matt 6:29; Ezr 10:28; Matt 23:15;Mark 9:43; Luke 12:5. It is now Wadi Rababeh. The valley has usually been described as beginning at the north-west of Jerusalem and extending south 1 1/4 miles, turns east between Zion and the hill of evil counsel, passing through a deep gorge and joining the Kedron. South of the valley is a steep hillside, rocky and full of sepulchres, the traditional site of Aceldama, or "field of blood." Warren, however, identifies Hinnom with the Kedron valley east of Jerusalem (Recovery of Jerusalem, p. 239), and Stanley accepts this view (Ibid.,p. 14). Prof. Socin in Baedeker's Handbook, 1876 dissents from this location, and holds to the former identification of Hinnom.